Fuzzing Fundamentals

Fuzzing automatically generates malformed inputs and monitors for crashes — the most productive vulnerability discovery technique at scale. Coverage-guided fuzzers (AFL++, libFuzzer, honggfuzz) instrument the target binary to track which code paths each input exercises, then mutate inputs that discover new paths. This covers fuzzer architecture, writing a libFuzzer harness, AFL++ corpus management, and crash triage with AddressSanitizer.